In Theaters
26.2 to Life
USA | 2022 | 88 min. | Christine Yoo
Now Playing - Sep 24, 2023
At San Quentin State Prison, an annual marathon takes place each November where the incarcerated put foot to dirt and concrete. Seattle International Film Festival 2023 Golden Space Needle Audience Award for Best Documentary.
Mutt
USA | 2023 | 87 min. | Vuk Lungulov-Klotz
Now Playing
A trans man must navigate how he’s perceived by people from his past over one long, hectic summer day in New York City. New American Cinema Competition: Grand Jury Prize (Seattle International Film Festival 2023).
The Origin of Evil
France | 2022 | 125 min. | Sébastien Marnier
Now Playing
A satirical thriller exploring themes of family, patriarchy, and deception in a tense household from director Sébastien Marnier.
They Came From Outer Space: Little Shop of Horrors Sing-Along (Director's Cut)
USA | 1986 | 94 min. | Frank Oz
September 22, 2023
A peculiar plant named Audrey II arrives at a struggling flower shop. As it grows, it develops a taste for human blood, leading the timid assistant, Seymour, on a wild and hilariously horrifying journey of love, success, and moral dilemmas. Sing-along screening.
They Came From Outer Space: Invasion of the Body Snatchers
USA | 1978 | 115 min. | Philip Kaufman
Now Playing - Sep 24, 2023
A mysterious alien presence begins replacing humans with emotionless duplicates. As fear and paranoia grip San Francisco, psychiatrist Dr. Matthew Bennell (Donald Sutherland) must navigate a terrifying world where trust is scarce, and survival is uncertain. Brace yourself for a gripping tale of suspense and suspicion. 4k restoration.
They Came From Outer Space: Predator
USA | 1987 | 107 min. | John McTiernan
Now Playing - Sep 22, 2023
In the 1987 sci-fi action thriller, a team of elite commandos faces a deadly extraterrestrial predator in the unforgiving jungle. Led by Major Dutch (Arnold Schwarzenegger), they must outwit and survive the formidable hunter, combining brute force and cunning tactics. Predator delivers adrenaline-pumping action and suspense that has become a genre-defining classic.
They Came From Outer Space: Contact
USA | 1997 | 150 min. | Robert Zemeckis
Now Playing - Sep 28, 2023
Radio astronomer Dr. Ellie Arroway (Jodie Foster) receives an enigmatic message from space, leading her on a profound and exhilarating quest for extraterrestrial intelligence. As she grapples with the cosmos, the film explores faith, science, and the boundless wonders of the universe.
They Came From Outer Space: Men in Black
USA | 1997 | 98 min. | Barry Sonnenfeld
Now Playing - Sep 25, 2023
NYPD officer James Edwards (Will Smith) becomes Agent J, joining a top-secret agency that polices alien activity on Earth. Partnered with the no-nonsense Agent K (Tommy Lee Jones), they embark on a wild and wacky adventure to protect the world from extraterrestrial threats.
They Came From Outer Space: Attack the Block
United Kingdom | 2011 | 88 min. | Joe Cornish
Now Playing - Sep 26, 2023
A South London housing estate becomes a battleground when a gang of young delinquents, led by Moses (John Boyega), face off against ferocious extraterrestrial invaders. With pulse-pounding action and clever humor, they prove that heroes can emerge from unexpected places.
They Came From Outer Space: Close Encounters of the Third Kind
USA | 1977 | 137 min. | Steven Spielberg
Now Playing - Sep 30, 2023
Mysterious UFO sightings ignite a global phenomenon. As ordinary lives are touched by extraordinary events, one man's obsession with deciphering the alien message leads him on a transformative journey of discovery and connection beyond the stars. Presented in 4k.
They Came From Outer Space: Arrival
USA | 2016 | 116 min. | Denis Villeneuve
Now Playing - Sep 24, 2023
Linguistics expert Dr. Louise Banks (Amy Adams) deciphers an alien language when mysterious spacecrafts land on Earth. As she unravels their intentions, she experiences mind-bending revelations about time and humanity's future. A visually stunning and intellectually captivating exploration of communication and connection.
They Came From Outer Space: Little Shop of Horrors (Director's Cut)
USA | 1986 | 94 min. | Frank Oz
Now Playing - Sep 22, 2023
A peculiar plant named Audrey II arrives at a struggling flower shop. As it grows, it develops a taste for human blood, leading the timid assistant, Seymour, on a wild and hilariously horrifying journey of love, success, and moral dilemmas. Sing-along screening on September 22.
They Came From Outer Space: Mars Attacks! (35mm)
USA | 1996 | 106 min. | Tim Burton
Now Playing - Sep 30, 2023
A fleet of Martian spacecraft surrounds the world's major cities and all of humanity waits to see if the extraterrestrial visitors have, as they claim, "come in peace." U.S. President James Dale (Jack Nicholson) receives assurance from science professor Donald Kessler (Pierce Brosnan) that the Martians' mission is a friendly one. But when a peaceful exchange ends in the total annihilation of the U.S. Congress, military men call for a full-scale nuclear retaliation. Presented on 35mm.
They Came From Outer Space: E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial
USA | 1982 | 115 min. | Steven Spielberg
Now Playing - Sep 29, 2023
A young boy, Elliott, discovers and befriends a friendly alien stranded on Earth. Together, they embark on a heartwarming and magical adventure, teaching us the power of friendship, love, and the boundless wonders of the universe. Steven Spielberg's iconic film continues to captivate audiences of all ages. Presented in 4k.
They Came From Outer Space: Plan 9 From Outer Space
USA | 1959 | 80 min. | Edward D. Wood Jr.
Now Playing - Sep 30, 2023
Residents of California's San Fernando Valley are under attack by flying saucers from outer space. The aliens, led by Eros (Dudley Manlove) and his assistant, Tanna (Joanna Lee), intend to conquer the planet by resurrecting corpses in a Hollywood cemetery. The living dead—a cape-wearing ghoul (Bela Lugosi), a vampire (Vampira) and a slow-footed cop (Tor Johnson) who was killed for his nosiness—stalk curious humans who wander into the cemetery looking for evidence of the UFOs.
Bottoms
USA | 2023 | 92 min. | Emma Seligman
Now Playing
Bottoms follows two unpopular girls in their senior year who start a fight club to try to impress and hook up with cheerleaders.
They Came From Outer Space: The Blob (1958)
USA | 1958 | 86 min. | Irvin S. Yeaworth Jr.
September 24, 2023
In the 1958 sci-fi horror The Blob, a small town is terrorized when a gelatinous alien entity crash-lands from space. As it devours everything in its path, a brave teenager must lead the fight to stop the ravenous menace from consuming their community. A classic tale of fear and survival unfolds.
Godard Cinema
France | 2022 | 100 min. | Cyril Leuthy
September 25, 2023
In trying to uncover the real Jean-Luc, filmmaker Cyril Leuthy sat down with Godard’s many collaborators, friends and critics who have a lot to say about an eternal rebel who was still exhausting himself in the hunt for a perfect cinema, even with 140 films under his belt. Preceded by Godard’s short film "Trailer of the Film That Will Never Exist: 'Phony Wars.'"
Dark Dreams: The Original Film Noir Series
USA | 106 min. | Multiple
Opens September 27, 2023
Enjoy Seattle's, and the world's, longest-running film noir celebration.
Stop Making Sense (40th Anniversary Restoration)
USA | 1984 | 88 min. | Jonathan Demme
Opens September 29, 2023
The greatest concert film of all time brings to the screen Talking Heads at Hollywood's Pantages Theater in December 1983: David Byrne, Tina Weymouth, Chris Frantz, and Jerry Harrison, alongside an ecstatic ensemble of supporting musicians. Renowned filmmaker Jonathan Demme (Silence of the Lambs) captures the band at their exhilarating best, in this new and complete restoration for the film's 40th anniversary. Presented in 4k.
They Came From Outer Space: The Blob (1988)
USA | 1988 | 95 min. | Chuck Russell
September 29, 2023
In the 1988 remake of The Blob, a small town is besieged by a gelatinous alien creature. As the insatiable blob consumes everything in its path, a group of brave individuals must unite to confront the nightmarish menace and prevent it from consuming the entire community.
Titian: Empire of Color
2023 | 88 min. | Laura Chiossone, Giulio Boato
Opens September 30, 2023
Winning over popes and emperors with his iconic, revolutionary works, Titian succeeded in becoming one of the artists that symbolized the entire Renaissance.
Scarecrowber: The Bride of Frankenstein
USA | 1935 | 75 min. | James Whale
Opens October 2, 2023
Mary Shelley reveals the main characters of her novel survived: Dr. Frankenstein, goaded by an even madder scientist, builds his monster a mate.
Scarecrowber: Bram Stoker’s Dracula
USA | 1992 | 128 min. | Francis Ford Coppola
Opens October 3, 2023
The centuries old vampire Count Dracula comes to England to seduce his barrister Jonathan Harker's fiancée Mina Murray and inflict havoc in the foreign land. Presented in 4k.
Movie Club: Eyes of Laura Mars
USA | 1978 | 104 min. | Irvin Kershner
October 4, 2023
Slay goes both ways when a famous fashion photographer (Faye Dunaway) witnesses a series of murders through the eyes of a killer. This stylish slasher, influenced by the Italian giallo genre, boasts an early-career John Carpenter script and Barbra Streisand theme song. Selected and introduced by SIFF Office Manager (and horror writer) Caroline Beston.
Going Varsity in Mariachi
USA | 2022 | 105 min. | Alejandra Vasquez, Sam Osborn
October 5, 2023
Dive into the dramatic world of competitive high school mariachi, as coach Abel Acuña grapples with his school’s shoestring budget and a diverse crew of inexperienced musicians in a quest to reach the state championships.
Quality Ski Time Film Tour presented by Salomon
USA | 120 min.
October 5, 2023
Get stoked for ski season with an all-new lineup of the greatest ski films of the year, copious gear giveaways, and poster signings with your favorite pro skiers.
Almodóvar Shorts: Strange Way Of Life with The Human Voice
Spain | 2023 | 61 min. (incl. 31 min. and 30 min. short films) | Pedro Almodóvar
Opens October 6, 2023
A hyper-male Western melodrama of vivid colors and explosive homoeroticism starring Ethan Hawke as a small-town sheriff who, after 25 years, rekindles a sexual relationship with a former lover, played by Pedro Pascal, when the latter’s son is suspected of a local killing. Gorgeously shot and scored by Almodóvar’s standbys José Luis Alcaine and Alberto Iglesias, Strange Way of Life captures the rarely dramatized intensity of middle-aged romance. Presented with short film The Human Voice.
Farewell My Concubine (30th Anniversary Restoration)
China | 1993 | 171 min. | Chen Kaige
Opens October 6, 2023
Chen Kaige’s much acclaimed, long out of print masterpiece chronicles the rise of two young stars of the Beijing Opera House, their turbulent relationship, and ultimate downfalls. New 4k restoration.
Radical Wolfe
USA | 2023 | 76 min. | Richard Dewey
October 6, 2023
Richard Dewey's enlightening portrait of legendary writer Tom Wolfe, the debonair, contrarian author whose provocative work blurred the lines between reporting and literature, playing a monumental role in American journalism.
Scarecrowber: Night of the Comet
USA | 1984 | 95 min. | Thom Eberhardt
October 6, 2023
A comet wipes out most of life on Earth, leaving two Valley Girls fighting against cannibal zombies and a sinister group of scientists. Presented in 4k. Presented by the Psychotronic Challenge. Scarecrow will be on hand for introduction and giveaways!
Silver Dollar Road
USA | 2023 | 100 min. | Raoul Peck
October 6, 2023
Academy-Award Nominee Raoul Peck (I Am Not Your Negro) returns with the shocking story of a Black family in North Carolina combating decades of harassment by land developers trying to seize their waterfront property.
The Royal Hotel
Australia | 2023 | 91 min. | Kitty Green
Opens October 6, 2023
US backpackers Hanna and Liv take a job in a remote Australian pub for some extra cash and are confronted with a bunch of unruly locals and a situation that grows rapidly out of their control.
Invisible Nation
USA | 2023 | 85 min. | Vanessa Hope
October 7, 2023
With unprecedented access to Taiwan’s sitting head of state, director Vanessa Hope’s eye-opening documentary investigates the election and tenure of Tsai Ing-wen, the first female president of Taiwan.
Maestra
USA | 2023 | 88 min. | Maggie Contreras
October 7, 2023
Five women from around the world gather to compete in the prestigious, ultra-competitive “La Maestra” competition, the only competition in the world for female classical orchestra conductors.
Plan C
USA | 2023 | 94 min. | Tracy Droz Tragos
October 7, 2023
Shot over the course of four years, Plan C takes us into a clandestine network of activists and physicians, fighting to keep abortion pills available in the face of crumbling reproductive rights across the US.
Scarecrowber: Carnival of Souls
USA | 1962 | 80 min. | Herk Harvey
Opens October 7, 2023
After a traumatic accident, a woman becomes drawn to a mysterious abandoned carnival. Presented in 4k.
Scarecrowber: Cat People
USA | 1942 | 73 min. | Jacques Tourneur
Opens October 7, 2023
Simone Simon stars as a Serbian émigré in Manhattan who believes that, because of an ancient curse, any physical intimacy with the man she loves (Kent Smith) will turn her into a feline predator.
A Song Film By Kishi Bashi: Omoiyari
USA | 2023 | 75 min. | Justin Taylor Smith, Kaoru Ishibashi
October 8, 2023
Violinist and songwriter Kaoru Ishibashi (better known as Kishi Bashi) embarks on a musical journey to understand WWII era Japanese Incarceration, assimilation, and what it means to be a minority in America today.
Korean Horror: A Tale of Two Sisters (35mm)
South Korea | 2003 | 114 min. | Kim Jee-woon
October 8, 2023
A young girl returns home with her sister after being released from a psychiatric hospital, but disturbing events surrounding their stepmother hint at something haunting their family. Presented on 35mm.
Menus-Plaisirs Les Troisgros
France | 2023 | 240 min. | Frederick Wiseman
October 8, 2023
A food-lover’s dream, legendary documentarian Frederick Wiseman’s latest film is a luxurious look behind-the-scenes of France’s celebrated restaurant La Maison Troigros, which has held three Michelin stars for over five decades.
Scarecrowber: From Beyond
USA | 1986 | 86 min. | Stuart Gordon
Opens October 8, 2023
A group of scientists have developed the Resonator, a machine which allows whoever is within range to see beyond normal perceptible reality. But when the experiment succeeds, they are immediately attacked by terrible life forms.
Scarecrowber: Spookies
USA | 1986 | 85 min. | Brendan Faulkner, Thomas Doran
Opens October 8, 2023
A dilapidated mansion becomes a slaughterhouse when an evil sorcerer unleashes his monstrous sidekicks on intruders. Presented in 4k.
La Huella, The Story of a Beach Bar/Resto
Argentina | 2022 | 70 min. | Alessio Rigo de Righi
October 9, 2023
Twenty years ago, three friends challenged each other to build a beach restaurant in a small, Uruguayan village. That simple seafood restaurant created a miraculous community, and became “The Best Beachside Restaurant on the Planet.”
Mutiny In Heaven
Australia | 2023 | 86 min. | Ian White
October 9, 2023
Featuring never-before-seen live archival footage, Mutiny In Heaven reveals the story of the legendary Australian band The Birthday Party, led by Nick Cave, in a thrilling tale of epic struggle, creative vision, and total dysfunctionality.
Scarecrowber: Twins of Evil
USA | 1971 | 87 min. | John Hough
Opens October 9, 2023
Frieda and Maria are identical twins who stay with their uncle after the death of their parents in the shadow of Karnstein Castle where, legend has it, vampires dwell. One of the twins is destined to fall under the castle's spell.
Copa 71
United Kingdom | 2023 | 90 min. | Rachel Ramsay, James Erskine
October 10, 2023
Told by the pioneering women who participated in it, this is the extraordinary story of the 1971 Women’s Soccer World Cup: a tournament that was written out of sporting history.
Scarecrowber: Mad Monster Party?
USA | 1967 | 95 min. | Jules Bass
Opens October 10, 2023
When Dr. Frankenstein retires, he calls an international roster of monsters to elect his successor. However, his title is not all that is at stake, as the famous doctor realizes the secret of total destruction that must not fall into the wrong hands.
Time Bomb Y2K
USA | 2023 | 80 min. | Marley McDonald, Brian Becker
October 10, 2023
A hilarious and human look back at the end of the 20th century, when fears rose that a ubiquitous coding error would cause the world’s computerized systems to grind to a halt, and armageddon loomed.
Between the Rains
Kenya | 2023 | 83 min. | Andrew H. Brown, Moses Thuranira
October 11, 2023
In their visually stunning film, Moses Thuranira and Andrew H. Brown’s award-winning documentary explores a tribal boy’s childhood as he grows up in a traditional Kenyan culture that is a casualty of climate change.
Richland
USA | 2023 | 94 min. | Irene Lusztig
October 11, 2023
Approaching the 80th anniversary of the creation of the Hanford reactor, Richland, Washington’s residents wrestle with both pride and ambivalence about their role in the Nagasaki bombing and the nuclear legacy they have left behind.
The Pigeon Tunnel
United Kingdom | 2023 | 94 min. | Errol Morris
October 12, 2023
Academy Award-winner Errol Morris creates an enthralling portrait of former British spy David Cornwell—a.k.a. writer John le Carré, whose classic novels changed how we perceive espionage in popular culture and the world.
Joan Baez: I Am A Noise
USA | 2023 | 113 min. | Karen O’Connor, Miri Navasky, Maeve O’Boyle
Opens October 13, 2023
At the end of a 60-year career, legendary singer and activist Joan Baez takes an honest look back and a deep look inward as she tries to make sense of her large, history-making life, and the personal struggles she's kept private.
TAYLOR SWIFT | THE ERAS TOUR
USA | Sam Wrench
Opens October 13, 2023
The cultural phenomenon continues on the big screen! Immerse yourself in this once-in-a-lifetime concert film experience with a breathtaking, cinematic view of the history-making tour. All ages welcome!
Elephant
Poland | 2022 | 94 min. | Kamil Krawczycki
October 14, 2023
Bartek runs a small horse farm in the mountains in Poland. He had to become head of the family when his father left and his mother fell apart. One day their neighbour dies and his son Dawid comes back to the village for funeral. Bartek becomes fascinated by Dawid and his carefreeness. First love will force him to decide if he’s ready to choose his freedom above family obligations.
Scarecrowber: Cujo
USA | 1983 | 93 min. | Lewis Teague
October 14, 2023
Cujo, a friendly St. Bernard, contracts rabies and conducts a reign of terror on a small American town. Presented by Viva Physical Media. Scarecrow will be on hand for introduction and giveaways!
She Marches in Chinatown
2023 | Della Chen
October 14, 2023
The Seattle Chinese Community Girls Drill Team is the only drill team in the world to combine Chinese opera costumes with American military style drills. Currently at a crossroads, the team has empowered Asian American females for over 70 years and remains an iconic parade favorite. Free screening with a Q&A from the director, producer, and members of the drill team, as well as a performance from the Seattle Chinese Community Girls Drill Team.
Korean Horror: The Housemaid
South Korea | 1960 | 111 min. | Kim Ki-young
October 15, 2023
A bizarre and seductive housemaid systematically destroys her employers’ world in what film historians call one of the top three Korean films of all time.
Filip
Poland | 2022 | 125 min. | Michał Kwieciński
October 20, 2023
Filip, an attractive twenty-something man, juggles working as a waiter in a luxury hotel with trying to enjoy life in a time when enjoyment is hard to find. But pleasure can also be derived from vengeance, especially when every day brings uncertainty in terms of survival. This very current study of identity and wartime trauma dressed in period garb poses unsettling questions about the limits of human resilience and the price of salvation.
Killers of the Flower Moon
USA | 2023 | 206 min. | Martin Scorcese
Opens October 20, 2023
Based on a true story and told through the improbable romance of Ernest Burkhart (Leonardo DiCaprio) and Mollie Kyle (Lily Gladstone), Killers of the Flower Moon is an epic western crime saga, where real love crosses paths with unspeakable betrayal.
Scarecrowber: Near Dark (35mm)
USA | 1987 | 95 min. | Kathryn Bigelow
October 20, 2023
A small-town farmer's son reluctantly joins a traveling group of vampires after he is bitten by a beautiful drifter. Presented in 35mm. Presented by Unstreamable. Scarecrow will be on hand for introduction and giveaways!
Where the Rope Ends
2023 | 68 min. | Baylee Sinner
October 21, 2023
A Washington-made documentary film featuring a woman's 60-foot fall while canyoneering, and the profound (and sometimes tumultuous) self-discovery that followed her brush with death.
Korean Horror: The Wailing
South Korea | 2016 | 157 min. | Na Hong-jin
October 22, 2023
When a rural town is suddenly plagued with a bizarre and violent disease, the local police begin to suspect a foreign newcomer. But who can be believed, and what can you believe in?
My Love Affair With Marriage
Latvia | 2022 | 108 min. | Signe Baumane
October 22, 2023
A delightful animated musical comedy for adults about a woman who rebels against what women are taught about sex and love. Q&A with director Signe Baumane following film.
Scarecrowber: Possession
France | 1981 | 123 min. | Andrej Zulawski
Opens October 23, 2023
A woman starts exhibiting increasingly disturbing behavior after asking her husband for a divorce. Suspicions of infidelity soon give way to something much more sinister.
Once Within a Time
USA | 2023 | 53 min. | Godfrey Reggio, Jon Kane
Opens October 27, 2023
A comedic apocalyptic vision of the end of the world and the beginning of a new one, with unforgettable views and the innocence and hope of a new generation. Q&A with Steven Soderbergh on October 27.
Korean Horror: Train to Busan
South Korea | 2016 | 118 min. | Sang-Ho Yeon
October 29, 2023
In the highest grossing Korean film of 2016, the passengers of a high-speed train must band together to fend off a zombie horde when the apocalypse arrives in the middle of their journey.
Movie Club: Moonstruck
USA | 1987 | 102 min. | Norman Jewison
November 1, 2023
With a murderer’s row of heavy hitter character actors, the indomitable Cher, and an iconic breakout performance from a 23-year-old Nicolas Cage, Moonstruck is a romantic-comedy masterpiece about the unknowable natural forces that pull men and women towards each other like animals in heat. That’s amoré! Selected and introduced by SIFF Cinema staffer Milo Harms.
Anatomy of a Fall
France | 2023 | 151 min. | Justine Triet
Opens November 3, 2023
An enigmatic German novelist who is arrested after the mysterious death of her husband at their chalet in the French Alps. The court case examines every aspect of the relationship she had with her husband, while her visually impaired son is called to testify as a witness.
The Romanian Film Festival Seattle, 10th Edition
November 4, 2023
The Romanian Film Festival Seattle celebrates its 10th anniversary with a wonderfully nuanced program that explores current topics with unflinching honesty.
NT Live: Titanic: the Musical
2023 | 145 min. | Thom Southerland
Opens November 8, 2023
In the final hours of April 14, 1912, the RMS Titanic, on her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York, collided with an iceberg and ‘the unsinkable ship’ slowly sank. It was one of the most tragic disasters of the 20th Century. Fifteen hundred seventeen men, women, and children lost their lives.
The Holdovers
USA | 2023 | 133 min. | Alexander Payne
Opens November 9, 2023
Paul Giamatti stars in Alexander Payne’s latest about the bond that forms between a strict professor and a belligerent student he’s stuck supervising over the winter holiday at an elite boarding school.
Twilight (15th Anniversary)
2008 | 122 min. | Catherine Hardwicke
Opens November 17, 2023
When Bella Swan moves to a small town in the Pacific Northwest, she falls in love with Edward Cullen, a mysterious classmate who reveals himself to be a 108-year-old vampire. 15th anniversary screening.
Borromini and Bernini: The Challenge for Perfection
2023 | 102 min. | Giovanni Troilo
Opens November 18, 2023
A journey into the great beauty of Baroque Rome, when the city was the centre of western art and where every ambitious painter, sculptor and architect had to be.
Rush to Judgment
USA | 1966 | 98 min. | Emile de Antonio
November 22, 2023
In 1966, the documentary Rush to Judgment presented for the first time a simple, concise legal argument that the Warren Commission was hiding something, suggesting a broader conspiracy. Lee Harvey Oswald could not have single-handedly killed President John F. Kennedy. New 4k restoration.
Found Footage Festival Vol. 10
USA | 2023 | 85 min.
November 30, 2023
Joe Pickett (The Onion) and Nick Prueher (Late Show) have over 11,000 VHS tapes in their collection and will take viewers on a guided tour through their latest and greatest finds.
Mountains on Stage - Winter Edition 2023
France | 180 min.
December 5, 2023
Mountains on Stage aims to bring the mountains to the city and share the beauty of mountain sports with a selection of the best documentaries on mountain activities.